Docker 容器化部署全指南

Docker 容器化部署全指南

Step 1：编写高效 Dockerfile

# 多阶段构建
FROM node:24-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM node:24-alpine AS runner
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=builder /app/.next ./.next
COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY --from=builder /app/package.json ./
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["npm", "start"]

Step 2：Docker Compose 编排

version: '3.8'
services:
  app:
    build: .
    ports: ["3000:3000"]
    environment:
      DATABASE_URL: postgres://db:5432/myapp
    depends_on: [db, redis]
  db:
    image: postgres:16
    volumes: [pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data]
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    volumes: [redisdata:/data]

volumes:
  pgdata:
  redisdata:

Step 3：健康检查

healthcheck:
  test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:3000/api/health"]
  interval: 30s
  timeout: 10s
  retries: 3

Step 4：CI/CD 集成

# GitHub Actions
- name: Build & Push
  run: |
    docker build -t myapp:$GITHUB_SHA .
    docker push myapp:$GITHUB_SHA
- name: Deploy
  run: |
    ssh deploy@server "docker pull myapp:$GITHUB_SHA && docker-compose up -d"